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Amplifier_6C/04_documentation/ausound/sound-au.com/tcaas/jlhdcvolts.htm

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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
<title>The Class-A Amplifier Site - DC Voltages</title>
<link rel="StyleSheet" href="class-a.css" type="text/css" media="screen, print">
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/ico" href="favicon.ico">
</head>
<body background="slate.jpg" bgcolor="#E8E8E8" lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=blue>
<div class=Section1>
<p align=right style='text-align:right'><b>The Class-A Amplifier Site</b></p>
<p align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>This
page was last updated on 7 May 2001</span></p>
<p><b><span style='color:blue'><a href="index-1.htm" title=index-1.htm>[ Back to Index ]</a></span></b></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:20.0pt'>D C Voltages</span></b></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The following tables of dc voltages are provided to assist in initial
testing and any fault-finding that may be required. They have been prepared
from simulations of the 1969 and 1996 versions. The 1969 version was simulated
with a supply rail voltage of 27V and a quiescent current of 1.2A and the 1996
version with +/-22V supply rails and a quiescent current of 2A. </p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The last three columns in the tables have been included to allow calculation
of nodal dc voltages at other supply rail voltages. Vs is the supply rail
voltage (the value of a single rail for dual-rail supplies), Vbe is the
base-emitter potential for a transistor (typically 0.7V) and Iq is the
quiescent current.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>1969 Version</b></p>
<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
<div align=center>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none'>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Device</p>
</td>
<td width=91 style='width:54.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Emitter</p>
</td>
<td width=81 style='width:48.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Base</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Collector</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Emitter</p>
</td>
<td width=165 style='width:99.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Base</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Collector</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr1</p>
</td>
<td width=91 style='width:54.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0V</p>
</td>
<td width=81 style='width:48.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.7V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>13.5V</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0</p>
</td>
<td width=165 style='width:99.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vs / 2</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr2</p>
</td>
<td width=91 style='width:54.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>13.5V</p>
</td>
<td width=81 style='width:48.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>14.2V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>27.0V</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vs / 2</p>
</td>
<td width=165 style='width:99.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>(Vs / 2) + Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vs</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr3</p>
</td>
<td width=91 style='width:54.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.7V</p>
</td>
<td width=81 style='width:48.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>1.4V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>14.3V</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=165 style='width:99.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>2.Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>(Vs / 2) + Vbe</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr4</p>
</td>
<td width=91 style='width:54.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>12.9V</p>
</td>
<td width=81 style='width:48.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>12.3V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>1.4V</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>(Vs / 2) - Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=165 style='width:99.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>(Vs / 2) - 2.Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=149 style='width:89.25pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>2.Vbe</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>1996 Version</b></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div align=center>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none'>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Device</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Emitter</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Base</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Collector</p>
</td>
<td width=128 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Emitter</p>
</td>
<td width=185 style='width:111.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Base</p>
</td>
<td width=138 style='width:82.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Collector</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr1</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-22V</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-21.3V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0V</p>
</td>
<td width=128 style='width:76.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-Vs</p>
</td>
<td width=185 style='width:111.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-Vs + Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=138 style='width:82.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr2</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0V</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.7V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>21.3V</p>
</td>
<td width=128 style='width:76.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0</p>
</td>
<td width=185 style='width:111.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=138 style='width:82.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vs - (Iq / 3)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr3</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-21.3V</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-20.5V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.7V</p>
</td>
<td width=128 style='width:76.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-Vs + Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=185 style='width:111.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-Vs + 2.Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=138 style='width:82.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vbe</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr4</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.7V</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.1V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-20.5V</p>
</td>
<td width=128 style='width:76.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=185 style='width:111.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.1</p>
</td>
<td width=138 style='width:82.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>-Vs + 2.Vbe</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:19.85pt'>
<td width=90 style='width:54.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:
none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Tr5</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>21.3V</p>
</td>
<td width=93 style='width:55.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:
solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;
height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>20.7V</p>
</td>
<td width=106 style='width:63.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>0.7V</p>
</td>
<td width=128 style='width:76.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vs - (Iq / 3)</p>
</td>
<td width=185 style='width:111.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vs - (Iq / 3) - Vbe</p>
</td>
<td width=138 style='width:82.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;
border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:19.85pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.5pt;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:8.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'>Vbe</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><b><span style='color:blue'><a href="index-1.htm" title=index-1.htm>[ Back to Index ]</a></span></b></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>HISTORY: Page created 07/05/2001</span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:8.0pt'>&nbsp;</span></p>
</div>
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